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Updated: 12 January 2000
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Ten Years After:
The Fall of Communism in East/Central Europe

The harbingers of revolution were already there. Hungary's uprising in 1956. The Prague Spring of 1968. The birth of Solidarity in 1980. But what happened in 1989 was unique. This time, the revolutions were actually successful. Moscow's empire and the division of Europe were swept aside inside a year. In a new series, a team of correspondents from RFE/RL -- which was on the scene 10 years ago with historic coverage -- examines the fall of communism in Eastern and Central Europe and assesses the challenges facing the struggling democracies.
Overview
The East: Ten Years After 1989--The Revolutions That Brought Down Communism
The East: Ten Years Later, Central Europe's Economic Vision Still Unrealized
The East: Ten Years After 1989--Euphoria Replaced By Disillusionment And Caution
The East: Genscher Says 1989 Was 'Deeply European Year'
East/West: Soros Says Transition From Closed To Open Society Imperfect
East/West Germany
Germany: How The Wall Came Down: Part One -- The Exodus
Germany: How the Wall Came Down Part Two -- The Politics
Ten Years After -- The East German Trabant
Romania: Inflation Could Soar To 100 Percent
Germany: Dresden Museum Remembers GDR
Germany/Poland: Goerlitz Remains A Divided City
Ten Years After: Germany's Lusatian Sorbs Determined To Survive
Poland
Poland: Inevitable Fall Of Communism Began Ten Years Ago
Poland: We Won The War But Not The Peace, Says Walesa
Poland: Anti-Communist Movement Showed The Way
Czechoslovakia
Czech Republic: The Velvet Revolution: A Chronology
Czech Republic: The Velvet Revolution -- The Legacy of 1968
Czech Republic: The Velvet Revolution -- External Factors
Czech Republic: The Velvet Revolution -- The Dissipation of Fear
Czech Republic: The Velvet Revolution -- The Road to Freedom
Czech Republic: Former Leaders Argue Over Meaning Of 1989
Czech Republic: Former Leaders Differ On Meaning Of 1989
Hungary
Hungary: Ten Years After Communism
Bulgaria
Bulgaria: 'Revolution' Was Coup Within Communist Party
Bulgaria: Communism Has Stumbled, Not Fallen
The Baltic States
Baltics: Three Republics Regained Independence With Fall Of Communism
The Soviet Union
USSR: The Year 1989 Foreshadowed The Fall
Romania
Romania in 1989: The Bloody Revolution, Part 1
Ten Years After: Romania's Bloody Revolution, Part 2
Romania's Bloody Revolution, Part 3: Lingering Questions
Romania's Bloody Revolution, Part 4: Iliescu's Story
Ten Years After: Romania's Bloody Revolution, Part 5 - The Aftermath


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special reports 1999

East Germany
"Stasi Raus!", 9/89 
Demonstrators, 10/89 
Egon Krenz on Reunification 11/89 
Stefan Heym addresses a rally, 11/4/89 
The borders are open, 11/9/89 
"I can't believe I'm here!", 11/89 
USSR
Gorbachev: "We have renounced the monopoly of truth", 12/89 
Romania
Demonstrators in Timisoara 
Ceaucescu trial excerpts 
Romanian TV announces execution of the Ceaucescus 
Hungary
Matyas Szuros proclaims the Republic of Hungary, 10/23/89 
Poland
Lech Walesa: We won the war but not the peace, 10/22/99 
Czech Republic
Demonstrators in Prague, 11/17/89 
Marta Kubisova sings "Prayer for Marta," 11/25/89 
Dubcek announces Havel as next president of Czechoslovakia, 11/29/89 
Havel accepts the presidency, 11/29/89 

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