Friday, May 25, 2012


The Power Vertical

Going To Extremes

An undated Soviet-era photo of KGB (now FSB) headquarters on Lubyanka Square in Moscow
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I was wondering how soon it would be before we saw something like this.

In the aftermath of the March 29 metro bombings in Moscow, critics alleged that Russia's security services were so busy harassing Kremlin opponents and -- in the words of Solidarity leader Boris Nemtsov -- "protecting the kleptocratic authorities," that they were woefully ineffective at preventing terrorism.

There was even some faint hope that the attacks in the capital, which took dozens of lives, would shock the authorities into reassessing the way the security services work and rethinking the anti-terrorism policies that have been in place for the past decade. Most observers, however, expected the "siloviki" to simply use the attacks as an excuse to grab more power.

Now it appears that the power grab has begun.

The daily "Kommersant" is reporting today that the government has submitted a bill to the State Duma that would allow the Federal Security Service (FSB) to take "preventive measures," including warnings and fines, against individuals suspected of engaging in the vaguely defined activity of "extremism."

Current legislation allows the FSB to impose such measures on organizations -- but not individuals -- whose activities it deems extremist.

Human rights activists are predictably alarmed. Lev Levinson of the Moscow-based Human Rights Institute says the bill would "set the FSB loose" to search for pretexts to accuse opposition figures of extremism. "It all boils down to the fight against political dissent," he told the daily.

Interestingly, members of the ruling United Russia party refused to comment for the "Kommersant" story. They must be waiting for their talking points from Lubyanka.

But members of other factions, including the domesticated "opposition," were more forthcoming -- and their assessments of the bill were not positive.

Gennady Gudkov, head of A Just Russia's faction in the Duma, said the law revives " a Soviet-era practice that was used against dissidents and those who distributed ideologically harmful literature and engaged in similarly harmful conversations."

Viktor Ilyukhin of the Communist Party said the bill would be used to quell anti-government protests. "How can we not be scared?" Ilyukhin told Kommersant. "The new bill regards 'stoking social hatred' as an extremist action. So now a warning can be given to anyone who criticizes the authorities."

Vladimir Zhirinovsky, head of the nationalist Liberal Democrats -- who is facing disciplinary actions over his broadside last week against Moscow Mayor Yury Luzhkov -- has not yet weighed in (as of this writing, of course).

United Russia, of course, has a sufficiently large majority that they can pass the legislation without any other party's support.

We'll be keeping an eye on this to see where it goes.  We'll also be watching to see whether President Dmitry Medvedev weighs in to curtail the measure, as he did with a controversial bill last year that would have expanded the definition of treason and espionage.

-- Brian Whitmore

Tags: legislation , fsb , extremism , State Duma

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Comment Sorting
Comments
     
by: Ivan from: Sofia
April 27, 2010 05:45
Mr Whitmore,
(or shall I call you Witless?)
what human rights are you talking about? The same ones, perhaps, that the US PATRIOT Act removed from the American citizens 8 years ago? Or the ones that are imbedded in your puny little Constitution, among which is the right to pursue happiness? If that is the case, why do you not pursue your happiness in your own country and leave Russia alone? Oh, I know, because Russia is still number one, and you Americans can't stand the fact of its superiority - cultural and political. Too bad for you, Yankees, ain't it.
In Response

by: Andrew from: Auckland
April 27, 2010 09:24
OK Ivan, calm down.

Methinks you are delusional if you think Russia is still number one in any regard except being a thuggish imperialistic monstrosity.

As for culture......
In Response

by: La Russophobe from: USA
April 27, 2010 12:31
IVAN:

You're a rather ignorant person who should read and study more before opening his mouth.

The "right" to pursue happiness is not in the US Constitution, it is in the Declaration of Independence, which is not a law.

The US Constitution is not "puny," it has endured for more than twice as long as the USSR did, even through Civil War. It authorizes American citizens to keep and bear arms and it authorizes a media establishment that relentlessly attacks the government on a daily basis. Yet, over the past two centuries, America has proved far more stable and prosperous than Russia.

An average American man lives nearly two decades longer than an average Russian, and earns a wage nearly ten times greater. Instead of looking forward, as Americans have done in electing their first black president, Russians look only backwards, choosing to be ruled by the same KGB that drove the USSR into oblivion.

For Russians like you to look the other way as the KGB creates a neo-Soviet dictatorship in Russia is insane and recklessly cruel to future generations, as well as the memory of the millions murdered by the KGB in the past. It proves the wisdom of one American philosopher, who stated: "Those who cannot remember history are doomed to repeat it."

In Response

by: Anonymous from: USA
April 27, 2010 15:26
Our Constitution isn't "puny". It is a contract that ensures our rights as citizens of the United States and to many, it is a sacred document next to Holy Scripture. Our Constitution is also influencial. Other countries constitutions are frequently based on ours (like Switzerland's). Maybe you should try to read our Constitution, Ivan instead of criticizing what you don't understand.

by: vytautasba from: vilnius
April 28, 2010 05:34
Those seeking a rapprochement with Russia or who are engaged in "reset" diplomacy should take some time to pause and consider the cost-benefit of continuing such policies. It is not in the interest of the West or even Russia itself to allow the Russian leadership to continue further along this authoritarian path. If reset and rapproachement results in just smiling photo ops it is time to take a more sober assessement of the situation.

by: Jake from: Wisconsin
April 30, 2010 08:55
Given what Moscow has already justified for the sake of "preserving order" -- invading Chechnya after the '99 apartment bombings and ending local elections after Beslan -- Russia is lucky if more FSB muscle-flexing is the worst result of the Metro bombings.

The next sequential step is state-organized pogroms in Russia-proper against Caucasians and Central Asians; basically Kondopoga revisited and writ large, only replace drunken hooligans with OMON troops. As Belarus and Ukraine deteriorate, these "brother Orthodox Slavs" will be a racially tolerable alternative to ethnic Muslim gastarbeiters at the bottom rung of Russia's socioeconomic ladder. With that last practical obstacle gone, the regime can freely implement all the xenophobic policies that a vocal minority (at best) already want. Rather, they will have no choice but to do so, because the horrible cynical truth is that justifying this on the basis of social order will be both honest and accurate; not because Muslims inherently pose a threat, but because the alternative is a social explosion of spontaneous ethnic cleansing or outright genocide. Putin and Medvedev aren't inherently racist -- their only ideology is regime survival -- but placating the mob will be a necessity for that very reason. They won't be resisting "revolution" or "regime change", but anarchy -- a colossal version of Ukraine circa 1919.

The worst horrors won't be in the Caucasus (which will burn, as always) or even in the immigrant-heavy districts of Moscow's outer ring. Instead, watch the Middle Volga, and despair. Unlike Caucasians and Central Asians, Tatars and Bashkirs are prosperous, integrated, and still overwhelmingly secular. Most Kazan Tatars still see themselves as Russian (rossianets) to the core, and the thought of state-endorsed pogroms is too nightmarish to accept. But even many educated Orthodox Slavic Russians – much less the ignorant masses – harbor a vile, unselfconscious contempt of Volga Muslims that is palpable in its intensity and even consistent in its reasoning, for these are not stereotyped squalid "Gortsy", but rather fellow citizens little different from themselves except for their surnames and for pretending to attend mosque instead of pretending to attend church. Their very existence is confusing to the point of being offensive, as it represents reality turned upside-down. Even familiar hatred of foreigners or Jews pales beside the surreal indignity of having no job and no future while a Tatar in the next apartment works in an office and drives a nice used German car (his tee-totaling in contrast to your perpetual drunken haze only rubs salt in the wound).

If this is all reminiscent of Bosnia in the late '80s, it's because all the same arguments are in place. "They may have historic grudges, but they've been neighbors for generations." "Old identities are irrelevant after decades of communism." "We don't hate them. It's just inappropriate when they get arrogant and forget their place because foreigners put bad ideas in their heads." "That's too horrible to consider, so it won't happen." And of course, "And if it does happen, well, they deserve it."

My heart bleeds for Russia's Politkovskayas and Dymovskys, and I sincerely hope that every single one escapes before their naivete gets them and their families killed. It will be decades before most Russians associate "reform" or "human rights" with anything but the chaos and humiliation of the Yeltsin '90s. For them, the FSB broadening its powers is a ray of hope. By mid-decade, their physical and economic security will sink even lower despite the FSB's “efforts”, leaving the regime with the choice of either admitting failure and abdicating, or finding a scapegoat. Hating America is all well and good, but a useful scapegoat can't be on the other side of the planet. A good scapegoat is someone right in front of you every day, maybe even someone almost identical to you except for one conspicuous difference.

by: Todd Lucas from: Arlington, TX
May 11, 2010 19:36
I have a question for you here Ivan. How many Constitutions has Russia drafted over the years?

Now if you will, please tell me how many Constitutions the United States has drafted over the years.


To my count, and I may be wrong....America has only drafted ONE, a single Constitution that has stayed unchanged in its main body since drafted and ratified, and only been ammended and added on to since.

Russia has drafted numerous Constitutions since the 1906 Constitution.

So please tell me how the United States Constitution is "puny" by that standard. And as a second notion, please tell me how it can be considered "puny" when so many other nations across the globe have used it and the United states government as models for thier own.

About This Blog

The Power Vertical is a blog written especially for Russia wonks and obsessive Kremlin watchers by Brian Whitmore. It covers emerging and developing trends in Russian politics, shining a spotlight on the high-stakes power struggles, machinations, and clashing interests that shape Kremlin policy today. Check out The Power Vertical Facebook page or

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