Afghan police said lawmaker Shukriya Barakzai survived a suicide attack on her vehicle on November 16 but that three civilian bystanders were killed in the blast, which took place near the parliament building in Kabul.
A spokesman for the Interior Ministry said Barakzai "suffered minor injuries" but was in good condition.
The spokesman said nearly 20 more people were injured in the attack.
Shinkay Karokhil, another female lawmaker, was quoted by the AFP news agency as saying the target "was a convoy of parliamentarians, who were driving toward the parliament."
Barakzai is an outspoken women's rights campaigner and a close ally of new President Ashraf Ghani.
She has spoken about receiving death threats.
There were no immediate claims of responsibility for the attack.