With one eye on Moscow, Europe presses Ukraine on reforms
By Robin Emmott
BRUSSELS, Jan 18 (Reuters) - The European Union pressed Ukraine authorities on Monday to overcome political feuding and implement promised reforms as it looks to shore up the country's democratic and economic credentials.
Having so far failed to end the Russian-backed war in eastern Ukraine, Kiev's western supporters are now seeking to shift the focus onto modernisation, concerned that the West's huge political investment in Ukraine could go to waste.
"We understand the pressures the Ukrainian government is under internally," said Britain's Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond at a meeting of EU foreign ministers. "But we continually remind them of their obligations under Minsk," Hammond told reporters, referring to the peace deal signed in February last year in the Belarusian capital.
Reforms tied to the Minsk accord, which was extended beyond its end-2015 deadline, would give Kiev more credibility, Hammond said.
That included changing Ukraine's constitution to grant special status to the Donbass industrial regions of eastern Ukraine now under rebel control.
Russia denies it has provided weapons to the rebels or that it has troops engaged in the conflict that has killed more than 8,000 people since it broke out April 2014, following Russia's annexation of Ukraine's Crimea peninsula.
Rebels and the Ukrainians complain of violations of the ceasefire negotiated as part of the Minsk deal. Both say heavy artillery, meant to have been withdrawn, is still being used.
Seeking to cement Ukraine's historic shift away from Russia, senior U.S. and EU officials are trying to help Ukraine's leadership modernise the former Soviet state, where the shadow economy accounts more than half of output by some estimates.
In a note seen by Reuters on Monday, nine EU countries including Germany and Britain said Europe needed to show even more support for Ukraine, as well as calling for reforms.
While political rifts and the danger of the ruling Ukrainian coalition breaking up is less of an imminent threat since the government passed a 2016 draft budget in late December, other difficult reforms outside of the Minsk accord, ranging from the tax code to the judiciary, are pending.
"There are deficits in the justice system, especially in the fight against corruption," German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier told a news conference. "That has to be corrected as soon as possible ... Ukraine has to become more attractive for foreign investors."
Ukraine has already received almost $10 billion in 2015 from the International Monetary Fund and other international lenders to shore up its finances, crippled by the conflict and years of mismanagement and corruption.
Polish President Wants More NATO Troops In Eastern Europe
Polish President Andrzej Duda has called on NATO to deploy "substantial" numbers of troops and equipment in Eastern Europe to safeguard Poland and the region from a more aggressive Russia.
"The point is that NATO troops are deployed and are visible," Duda said during a visit to the alliance's headquarters in Brussels on January 18.
Poland will host NATO's next summit in July and Duda was clear in his hope that alliance leaders will decide at that meeting on a long-term stationing of NATO troops in his country.
He said he wants NATO to make its presence "as permanent as possible" in Poland.
Duda would not cite numbers as to what size of force he wanted in Poland but said it should be big enough to "ensure the security of [NATO's] eastern flank."
NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg indicated that Poland would not be disappointed by the results of the summit.
"NATO now has a persistent military presence in the region of which Poland is a part," Stoltenberg said. "And I trust that after the Warsaw summit we will see more NATO in Poland than ever before."
Based on reporting by AP and Reuters
That concludes our live-blogging of the Ukraine crisis for Monday, January 18. Check back here tomorrow for more of our continuing coverage.