Officials at athletics' governing body must have been aware of the full extent of doping in Russia but did nothing to stop it, a report by a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) panel has said.
The commission was delivering in Munich on January 14 the second part of its report, whose first instalment in November led to the banning of Russia from athletics for state-sponsored doping.
"It is increasingly clear that far more IAAF staff knew about the problems than has currently been acknowledged," said the report, written by former WADA head Dick Pound.
"It is not credible that elected officials were unaware of the situation affecting...athletics in Russia. If, therefore, the circle of knowledge was so extensive why was nothing done? Quite obviously there was no appetite on the part of the IAAF to challenge Russia," the report said.
The report said corruption was "embedded" in the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).
The report said former IAAF President Lamine Diack was responsible for organizing and enabling the conspiracy and corruption that took place.
Diack, who was replaced by Sebastian Coe as president last August, is under investigation by French police for corruption. His son has already been given a life ban over corruption allegations.